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Course Outline

Introduction

This section offers a foundational overview of when to apply 'machine learning', along with key considerations and interpretations, including its advantages and limitations. Topics cover datatypes (structured/unstructured/static/streamed), data validity and volume, data-driven versus user-driven analytics, statistical models compared to machine learning models, the challenges of unsupervised learning, the bias-variance trade-off, iteration and evaluation, cross-validation approaches, and the distinctions between supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning.

MAJOR TOPICS

1. Grasping Naive Bayes

  • Fundamental concepts of Bayesian methods
  • Probability
  • Joint probability
  • Conditional probability using Bayes' theorem
  • The Naive Bayes algorithm
  • Naive Bayes classification
  • The Laplace estimator
  • Applying numeric features with Naive Bayes

2. Grasping Decision Trees

  • The divide and conquer approach
  • The C5.0 decision tree algorithm
  • Selecting optimal splits
  • Pruning decision trees

3. Grasping Neural Networks

  • Transitioning from biological to artificial neurons
  • Activation functions
  • Network topology
  • Determining the number of layers
  • The direction of information flow
  • Selecting the number of nodes per layer
  • Training neural networks via backpropagation
  • Deep Learning

4. Grasping Support Vector Machines

  • Classification using hyperplanes
  • Identifying the maximum margin
  • Scenarios with linearly separable data
  • Scenarios with non-linearly separable data
  • Utilising kernels for non-linear spaces

5. Grasping Clustering

  • Clustering as a machine learning task
  • The k-means clustering algorithm
  • Using distance to assign and update clusters
  • Selecting the appropriate number of clusters

6. Assessing Performance for Classification

  • Handling classification prediction data
  • An in-depth look at confusion matrices
  • Utilising confusion matrices for performance measurement
  • Performance metrics beyond accuracy
  • The kappa statistic
  • Sensitivity and specificity
  • Precision and recall
  • The F-measure
  • Visualising performance trade-offs
  • ROC curves
  • Predicting future performance
  • The holdout method
  • Cross-validation
  • Bootstrap sampling

7. Optimising Standard Models for Enhanced Performance

  • Using caret for automated parameter tuning
  • Constructing a simple tuned model
  • Tailoring the tuning process
  • Enhancing model performance through meta-learning
  • Understanding ensembles
  • Bagging
  • Boosting
  • Random forests
  • Training random forests
  • Assessing random forest performance

MINOR TOPICS

8. Grasping Classification Using Nearest Neighbours

  • The kNN algorithm
  • Calculating distance
  • Selecting an appropriate k
  • Preparing data for kNN usage
  • Why the kNN algorithm is considered 'lazy'

9. Grasping Classification Rules

  • The separate and conquer strategy
  • The One Rule algorithm
  • The RIPPER algorithm
  • Deriving rules from decision trees

10. Grasping Regression

  • Simple linear regression
  • Ordinary least squares estimation
  • Correlations
  • Multiple linear regression

11. Grasping Regression Trees and Model Trees

  • Incorporating regression into trees

12. Grasping Association Rules

  • The Apriori algorithm for association rule learning
  • Measuring rule interest – support and confidence
  • Building rule sets using the Apriori principle

Extras

  • Spark/PySpark/MLlib and Multi-armed bandits

Requirements

Proficiency in Python

 21 Hours

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